Fossil Record
Fossil Record
Fossil Record
Articles | Volume 20, issue 1
Articles | Volume 20, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-87-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-87-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Articles | Volume 20, issue 1
Research article
 | 
21 Feb 2017
Research article |  | 21 Feb 2017

A re-examination of the enigmatic Russian tetrapod Phreatophasma aenigmaticum and its evolutionary implications

Neil Brocklehurst and Jörg Fröbisch

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Latest update: 22 Aug 2025
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Short summary
Phreatophasma is a mysterious species from the middle Permian of Russia. Since its description in 1954, it has been assigned to many different groups: therapsids (the most diverse of middle Permian terrestrial vertebrates), caseids (one of the earliest herbivore lineages), and seymouriamorphs (a Permian amphibian clade). Using recent knowledge of morphology and state-of-the art analyses, we confirm that Phreatophasma is one of the youngest members of Caseidae, the second member to enter Russia.
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