Articles | Volume 24, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-379-2021
https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-379-2021
Research article
 | 
13 Dec 2021
Research article |  | 13 Dec 2021

Past ecosystems drive the evolution of the early diverged Symphyta (Hymenoptera: Xyelidae) since the earliest Eocene

Corentin Jouault, Arvid Aase, and André Nel

Cited articles

Archibald, S. B., Aase, A., and Nel, A.: The second North American fossil horntail wood-wasp (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), from the early Eocene Green River Formation, Zootaxa, 4999, 325–334, https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4999.4.2, 2021. 
Ashmead, W. H.: Classification of horntails and sawflies (Nematinae) + (Oryssinae) + (Xyelidae) + (Lydidae) + (Hylotominae), Can. Entomol., 30, 141–145 + 281–287 + 177–184 + 205–213, 1898. 
Benson, R. B.: Classification of the Xyelidae (Symphyta), P. Roy. Entomol. Soc. B, 14, 34–37, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1945.tb00013.x, 1945. 
Benson, R. B.: Two new European species of Xyela Dalman (Hymenoptera: Xyelidae), P. Roy. Entomol. Soc. B, 29, 110–112, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3113.1960.tb01153.x, 1960. 
Blank, S. M., Taeger, A., Liston, A. D., Smith, D. R., Rasnitsyn, A. P., Shinohara, A., Heidemaa, M., and Viitasaari, M.: Studies toward a World Catalog of Symphyta (Hymenoptera), Zootaxa, 2254, 1–96, https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2254.1.1, 2009. 
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Short summary
Here we describe two new genera of fossil sawfly belonging to the Xyelidae. The fossil record of the family during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic is analyzed, supporting the hypothesis that the Eocene biomes shape the current distribution of the Xyelidae. These discoveries were made possible thanks to the study of old specimens housed in institutional collections or donated by an American citizen.
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