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Fossil Record
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FR | Articles | Volume 23, issue 2
Foss. Rec., 23, 169–177, 2020
https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-169-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Foss. Rec., 23, 169–177, 2020
https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-169-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article 10 Aug 2020
Research article | 10 Aug 2020
The first record of Brentidae (Coleoptera) in Eocene Rovno amber with description of a new fossil species of Toxorhynchus Scudder, 1893
Andris Bukejs and Andrei A. Legalov
Related authors
Vitalii I. Alekseev, Jerit Mitchell, Ryan C. McKellar, Mauricio Barbi, Hans C. E. Larsson, and Andris Bukejs
Foss. Rec., 24, 19–32, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-19-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-19-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Two new fossil species of turtle beetles have been identified from inclusions in Baltic amber (approx. 41–38 million years old). These beetles are the first described representatives of the family from this amber type and the first known turtle beetles from Europe. The paper also contains a discussion about possible association of the fossil turtle beetles with orchids in the Eocene
amberiferous forestand remarks concerning fossil beetles of the group.
Andris Bukejs, Jan Bezděk, Vitalii I. Alekseev, Kristaps Kairišs, and Ryan C. McKellar
Foss. Rec., 23, 105–115, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-105-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-105-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A male of the extinct leaf-beetle species Calomicrus eocenicus embedded in Baltic amber is found and compared with an earlier known female. The beetle genitalia are illustrated in detail using X-ray microtomography. The male is smaller than female and has a modified last abdominal segment. The extinct species (about 40 million years old) possesses typical sexual characters which are similar to the characters of extant beetles within the group.
Andris Bukejs, Jiří Háva, and Vitalii I. Alekseev
Foss. Rec., 23, 95–104, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-95-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-95-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
New fossil species of skin beetles (Dermestidae) from two bioinclusions in Eocene ambers (Baltic and Rovno) are described and compared with extinct and extant congeners. The affinity of the Rovno and Baltic amber varieties is briefly reviewed. The checklist of the described beetles (57 species) from Rovno amber is compiled and presented for the first time.
Andris Bukejs, Vitalii I. Alekseev, and Andrei A. Legalov
Foss. Rec., 23, 75–81, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-75-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-75-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We describe a new species and genus of weevils, Baltacalles triumurbium, from the Eocene amber of the Sambia Peninsula (Kaliningrad Region, Russia). The new fossil represents the first Eocene representative of the group. In addition to the taxonomic work, the locally distinct deposits of Baltic amber in the Kaliningrad Region are listed, discussed, photographed and mapped. The importance of the possible exact labeling of the amber material is underlined.
Vitalii I. Alekseev, Andris Bukejs, and Ryan C. McKellar
Foss. Rec., 22, 111–118, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-111-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-111-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper we describe a new fossil species of the silvanid flat bark beetle from Baltic amber. The new beetle species from European Eocene belongs to the genus living only in the New World now. Possible, the studied specimen is an adult beetle entrapped in resin shortly after moulting.
Vitalii I. Alekseev, Andris Bukejs, and Xavier Bellés
Foss. Rec., 22, 65–72, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-65-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-65-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The current paper describes a new fossil genus of spider beetles from Baltic amber (Eocene, 34–55 million years old). This fossil resin can be found throughout the Baltic Sea coastal area in northern Europe (Kaliningrad region, Russia; Poland; Denmark; Sweden; Germany; and Lithuania). The examined fossil material is housed in the private collection of Christel and Hans Werner Hoffeins (Hamburg, Germany).
Andris Bukejs and Andrei A. Legalov
Foss. Rec., 22, 45–49, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-45-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-45-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes a new genus and species of weevils from Baltic amber (Eocene, 55–34 million years old). This fossil resin can be found throughout the Baltic Sea coastal area in northern Europe (Kaliningrad region, Russia; Poland; Denmark; Sweden; Germany; and Lithuania). The new fossil weevil is more similar to extant American genera, but its host plants cannot be assumed. The new fossil genus is named in honour of Carsten Gröhn (Germany), an enthusiast and specialist in Baltic amber.
Andris Bukejs and Andrei A. Legalov
Foss. Rec., 22, 25–30, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-25-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-25-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
New entimine weevil, Arostropsis perkovskyi Bukejs and Legalov, sp. nov. from the tribe Naupactini of subfamily Entiminae of the family Curculionidae is described from Late Eocene Rovno amber (Ukraine). The new species is similar to Arostropsis groehni Yunakov et Kirejtshuk, 2011 from Baltic amber. Arostropsis perkovskyi is the second species of the genus Arostropsis. It is the first record of the tribe Naupactini from Rovno amber. Composition of weevil subfamilies in Rovno amber is discussed.
Vitalii I. Alekseev, Jerit Mitchell, Ryan C. McKellar, Mauricio Barbi, Hans C. E. Larsson, and Andris Bukejs
Foss. Rec., 24, 19–32, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-19-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-19-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Two new fossil species of turtle beetles have been identified from inclusions in Baltic amber (approx. 41–38 million years old). These beetles are the first described representatives of the family from this amber type and the first known turtle beetles from Europe. The paper also contains a discussion about possible association of the fossil turtle beetles with orchids in the Eocene
amberiferous forestand remarks concerning fossil beetles of the group.
Andrei A. Legalov, Vitaliy Y. Nazarenko, and Evgeny E. Perkovsky
Foss. Rec., 24, 1–7, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-1-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-1-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Glaesotropis rohdendorfi sp. nov. belongs to the subgenus Electranthribus, described from Eocene Rovno amber. The new species is similar to G. zherikhini from Baltic amber. It is the first described beetle from the Olevsk amber locality, the sixth amber species reported from the Zhytomyr region, the first record of the subgenus Electranthribus, and the third Anthribidae from Rovno amber. An aggregation of glaesacarid mites as a syninclusion with the fungus weevil is reported for the first time.
Andrei A. Legalov and Markus J. Poschmann
Foss. Rec., 23, 197–204, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-197-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-197-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The new weevil Igneonasus rudolphi gen. et sp. nov. of the tribe Ceutorhynchini is described from the late Oligocene of Fossillagerstätte Enspel, Germany. The new genus is similar to the Recent genus Stenocarus and the largest representative of the supertribe Ceutorhynchitae. It is the first fossil Curculionidae species described from the paleolake Enspel. In this ancient ecosystem, weevils were at least sometimes an important food resource for the cyprinid fish Palaeorutilus enspelensis.
Andris Bukejs, Jan Bezděk, Vitalii I. Alekseev, Kristaps Kairišs, and Ryan C. McKellar
Foss. Rec., 23, 105–115, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-105-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-105-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A male of the extinct leaf-beetle species Calomicrus eocenicus embedded in Baltic amber is found and compared with an earlier known female. The beetle genitalia are illustrated in detail using X-ray microtomography. The male is smaller than female and has a modified last abdominal segment. The extinct species (about 40 million years old) possesses typical sexual characters which are similar to the characters of extant beetles within the group.
Andris Bukejs, Jiří Háva, and Vitalii I. Alekseev
Foss. Rec., 23, 95–104, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-95-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-95-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
New fossil species of skin beetles (Dermestidae) from two bioinclusions in Eocene ambers (Baltic and Rovno) are described and compared with extinct and extant congeners. The affinity of the Rovno and Baltic amber varieties is briefly reviewed. The checklist of the described beetles (57 species) from Rovno amber is compiled and presented for the first time.
Andris Bukejs, Vitalii I. Alekseev, and Andrei A. Legalov
Foss. Rec., 23, 75–81, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-75-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-75-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We describe a new species and genus of weevils, Baltacalles triumurbium, from the Eocene amber of the Sambia Peninsula (Kaliningrad Region, Russia). The new fossil represents the first Eocene representative of the group. In addition to the taxonomic work, the locally distinct deposits of Baltic amber in the Kaliningrad Region are listed, discussed, photographed and mapped. The importance of the possible exact labeling of the amber material is underlined.
Vitalii I. Alekseev, Andris Bukejs, and Ryan C. McKellar
Foss. Rec., 22, 111–118, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-111-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-111-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper we describe a new fossil species of the silvanid flat bark beetle from Baltic amber. The new beetle species from European Eocene belongs to the genus living only in the New World now. Possible, the studied specimen is an adult beetle entrapped in resin shortly after moulting.
Vitalii I. Alekseev, Andris Bukejs, and Xavier Bellés
Foss. Rec., 22, 65–72, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-65-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-65-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The current paper describes a new fossil genus of spider beetles from Baltic amber (Eocene, 34–55 million years old). This fossil resin can be found throughout the Baltic Sea coastal area in northern Europe (Kaliningrad region, Russia; Poland; Denmark; Sweden; Germany; and Lithuania). The examined fossil material is housed in the private collection of Christel and Hans Werner Hoffeins (Hamburg, Germany).
Andris Bukejs and Andrei A. Legalov
Foss. Rec., 22, 45–49, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-45-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-45-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes a new genus and species of weevils from Baltic amber (Eocene, 55–34 million years old). This fossil resin can be found throughout the Baltic Sea coastal area in northern Europe (Kaliningrad region, Russia; Poland; Denmark; Sweden; Germany; and Lithuania). The new fossil weevil is more similar to extant American genera, but its host plants cannot be assumed. The new fossil genus is named in honour of Carsten Gröhn (Germany), an enthusiast and specialist in Baltic amber.
Andris Bukejs and Andrei A. Legalov
Foss. Rec., 22, 25–30, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-25-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-25-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
New entimine weevil, Arostropsis perkovskyi Bukejs and Legalov, sp. nov. from the tribe Naupactini of subfamily Entiminae of the family Curculionidae is described from Late Eocene Rovno amber (Ukraine). The new species is similar to Arostropsis groehni Yunakov et Kirejtshuk, 2011 from Baltic amber. Arostropsis perkovskyi is the second species of the genus Arostropsis. It is the first record of the tribe Naupactini from Rovno amber. Composition of weevil subfamilies in Rovno amber is discussed.
Andrei A. Legalov, Vitaliy Y. Nazarenko, and Evgeny E. Perkovsky
Foss. Rec., 21, 207–212, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-207-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-207-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
New fungus weevils, Eduardoxenus unicus gen. et sp. nov. is described from late Eocene Rovno amber (Klesov, Rovno region). This fossil fungus weevil is the oldest finding of the tribe Valenfriesiini in fossil state and the first record of the Choraginae from the Eocene ambers. The new genus differs from the genera Cyptoxenus, Valenfriesia and Neoxenus. Palaeogeographical and palaeoclimatological importance of finding Valenfriesiini in Rovno amber is discussed.
Related subject area
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The first described turtle beetles from Eocene Baltic amber, with notes on fossil Chelonariidae (Coleoptera: Byrrhoidea)
A new late Miocene bovid (Mammalia: Artiodactyla: Bovidae) from Çorakyerler (Turkey)
A new species of the genus Glaesotropis Gratshev and Zherikhin, 1995 (Coleoptera, Anthribidae) from Rovno amber
New genus of the tribe Ceutorhynchini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from the late Oligocene of Enspel, southwestern Germany, with a remark on the role of weevils in the ancient food web
A new wing skeleton of Forfexopterus (Pterosauria: Ctenochasmatidae) from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota reveals a developmental variation
An ankylosaurian dinosaur from the Cenomanian Dunvegan Formation of northeastern British Columbia, Canada
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Two new species of Mennerotodus Zhelezko, 1994 (Chondrichthyes: Lamniformes: Odontaspididae), from the Paleogene of the southeastern United States
Description of the male of fossil Calomicrus eocenicus Bukejs et Bezděk (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae) from Eocene Baltic amber using X-ray microtomography
An alternative interpretation of Peltochelys duchastelii as a paracryptodire
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A new, rare and small “lobeattid” species (Insecta: Archaeorthoptera) found at Xiaheyan (Pennsylvanian; Ningxia, China)
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Vitalii I. Alekseev, Jerit Mitchell, Ryan C. McKellar, Mauricio Barbi, Hans C. E. Larsson, and Andris Bukejs
Foss. Rec., 24, 19–32, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-19-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-19-2021, 2021
Short summary
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Two new fossil species of turtle beetles have been identified from inclusions in Baltic amber (approx. 41–38 million years old). These beetles are the first described representatives of the family from this amber type and the first known turtle beetles from Europe. The paper also contains a discussion about possible association of the fossil turtle beetles with orchids in the Eocene
amberiferous forestand remarks concerning fossil beetles of the group.
Dimitris S. Kostopoulos, Ayla Sevim Erol, Alper Yener Yavuz, and Serdar Mayda
Foss. Rec., 24, 9–18, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-9-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-9-2021, 2021
Short summary
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Biodiversity at the primate-bearing Çorakyerler site, Turkey, dating to the upper Miocene, is high, including up to 10 distinct bovid taxa. In this work, we describe five new bovid crania of a new bovid genus and species, Gangraia anatolica. The new taxon is characterized by long, keelless, and transversally ridged, homonymously twisted horn cores, and it shows a particular mixture of caprine and alcelaphine cranial features that are similar to the Alcelaphini–Caprini–Hippotragini clade.
Andrei A. Legalov, Vitaliy Y. Nazarenko, and Evgeny E. Perkovsky
Foss. Rec., 24, 1–7, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-1-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-24-1-2021, 2021
Short summary
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Glaesotropis rohdendorfi sp. nov. belongs to the subgenus Electranthribus, described from Eocene Rovno amber. The new species is similar to G. zherikhini from Baltic amber. It is the first described beetle from the Olevsk amber locality, the sixth amber species reported from the Zhytomyr region, the first record of the subgenus Electranthribus, and the third Anthribidae from Rovno amber. An aggregation of glaesacarid mites as a syninclusion with the fungus weevil is reported for the first time.
Andrei A. Legalov and Markus J. Poschmann
Foss. Rec., 23, 197–204, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-197-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-197-2020, 2020
Short summary
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The new weevil Igneonasus rudolphi gen. et sp. nov. of the tribe Ceutorhynchini is described from the late Oligocene of Fossillagerstätte Enspel, Germany. The new genus is similar to the Recent genus Stenocarus and the largest representative of the supertribe Ceutorhynchitae. It is the first fossil Curculionidae species described from the paleolake Enspel. In this ancient ecosystem, weevils were at least sometimes an important food resource for the cyprinid fish Palaeorutilus enspelensis.
Chang-Fu Zhou, Jiahao Wang, and Ziheng Zhu
Foss. Rec., 23, 191–196, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-191-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-191-2020, 2020
Short summary
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Filter-feeding ctenochasmatid pterosaurs flourished in the Jehol Biota. Here, a new wing skeleton of the ctenochasmatid Forfexopterus is described from the Early Cretaceous Jiufotang Formation in Jianchang, western Liaoning, China. Interestingly, it exhibits a skeletal maturity with co-ossified elements, but it is only about 75 % the size of the immature holotype, revealing a developmental variation of Forfexopterus.
Victoria M. Arbour, Derek Larson, Matthew Vavrek, Lisa Buckley, and David Evans
Foss. Rec., 23, 179–189, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-179-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-179-2020, 2020
Short summary
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We describe the first dinosaur skeletal fossils from the Dunvegan Formation of British Columbia, collected near the Pine River in 1930. These are some of the oldest dinosaur body fossils from British Columbia and western Canada. We identify these bones as partial dorsal vertebrae and ribs from an ankylosaur; ankylosaur footprints are some of the most common fossils in this formation and in this region.
Irene Montañez-Rivera and Oliver Hampe
Foss. Rec., 23, 151–168, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-151-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-151-2020, 2020
Short summary
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The locality of Groß Pampau in northern Germany is famous for its rich marine mammal assemblage of the Miocene age. A newly discovered ear bone of a fossil sperm whale is described here with morphological characters so far unknown from other sperm whales. It remains unclear at this point if it could belong to a sperm whale whose fragments were discovered in the same locality or to another, already-described taxon, of which the ear bones are still unknown.
Marine Fau, Loïc Villier, Timothy A. M. Ewin, and Andrew S. Gale
Foss. Rec., 23, 141–149, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-141-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-141-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Forcipulatacea is one of the major clades of extant sea stars with 400 extant species described, but with fewer than 25 fossil species known. Thus, the identification of any new fossil representatives is significant. We reappraise Ophidiaster davidsoni from the Tithonian of Boulogne, France, which was assigned to another major extant group, and reassign it within a new forcipulatacean genus Psammaster gen. nov. A phylogenetic analysis does not place it within any existing forcipulatacean family.
David J. Cicimurri, Jun A. Ebersole, and George Martin
Foss. Rec., 23, 117–140, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-117-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-117-2020, 2020
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Mennerotodus is a genus of fossil shark that lived during the Paleogene Period, between 65 and 38 million years ago, and was previously known only from Asia and Europe. In this study, new species of Mennerotodus have been identified in the USA from Alabama (Mennerotodus mackayi) and South Carolina (Mennerotodus parmleyi). Mennerotodus mackayi is the oldest of the species, suggesting the genus originated in the Gulf Coastal Plain of the USA during the Paleocene Epoch (~ 65 million years ago).
Andris Bukejs, Jan Bezděk, Vitalii I. Alekseev, Kristaps Kairišs, and Ryan C. McKellar
Foss. Rec., 23, 105–115, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-105-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-105-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A male of the extinct leaf-beetle species Calomicrus eocenicus embedded in Baltic amber is found and compared with an earlier known female. The beetle genitalia are illustrated in detail using X-ray microtomography. The male is smaller than female and has a modified last abdominal segment. The extinct species (about 40 million years old) possesses typical sexual characters which are similar to the characters of extant beetles within the group.
Walter G. Joyce and Yann Rollot
Foss. Rec., 23, 83–93, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-83-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-83-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Peltochelys duchastelii is an enigmatic fossil turtle from the Early Cretaceous of Bernissart, Belgium. Here we provide an alternative interpretation of the morphology of this turtle, which suggests for the first time relationships with paracryptodires, a now extinct group of turtles known from coeval deposits throughout western Europe and North America.
Andris Bukejs, Jiří Háva, and Vitalii I. Alekseev
Foss. Rec., 23, 95–104, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-95-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-95-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
New fossil species of skin beetles (Dermestidae) from two bioinclusions in Eocene ambers (Baltic and Rovno) are described and compared with extinct and extant congeners. The affinity of the Rovno and Baltic amber varieties is briefly reviewed. The checklist of the described beetles (57 species) from Rovno amber is compiled and presented for the first time.
Andris Bukejs, Vitalii I. Alekseev, and Andrei A. Legalov
Foss. Rec., 23, 75–81, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-75-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-75-2020, 2020
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We describe a new species and genus of weevils, Baltacalles triumurbium, from the Eocene amber of the Sambia Peninsula (Kaliningrad Region, Russia). The new fossil represents the first Eocene representative of the group. In addition to the taxonomic work, the locally distinct deposits of Baltic amber in the Kaliningrad Region are listed, discussed, photographed and mapped. The importance of the possible exact labeling of the amber material is underlined.
Lu Chen, Dong Ren, and Olivier Béthoux
Foss. Rec., 23, 71–74, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-71-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-23-71-2020, 2020
Francesco Parisi and Fabrizio Fanti
Foss. Rec., 22, 119–123, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-119-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-119-2019, 2019
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Only in recent years have new genera and species of the subfamily Silinae Mulsant, 1862 been described as inclusions in amber. However, no representative of the genus Silis Charpentier, 1825 had been described from Baltic amber, even if few specimens were already known at the generic level. Silis lombardii sp. nov. is entirely dark brown and shows (as usual for the genus) the two characteristic lobes in the sides of pronotum, elongated elytra, and a basal small tooth only on the anterior claws.
Vitalii I. Alekseev, Andris Bukejs, and Ryan C. McKellar
Foss. Rec., 22, 111–118, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-111-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-111-2019, 2019
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In this paper we describe a new fossil species of the silvanid flat bark beetle from Baltic amber. The new beetle species from European Eocene belongs to the genus living only in the New World now. Possible, the studied specimen is an adult beetle entrapped in resin shortly after moulting.
Nicole Klein, Antoine Verrière, Heitor Sartorelli, Tanja Wintrich, and Jörg Fröbisch
Foss. Rec., 22, 91–110, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-91-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-91-2019, 2019
Max Wisshak and Liane Hüne
Foss. Rec., 22, 77–90, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-77-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-77-2019, 2019
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Here, we describe an enigmatic new microfossil that was found encrusting a belemnite from the Middle Jurassic of the Falaises des Vaches Noires in Normandy, France. The organism has produced a conspicuous attachment etching on the belemnite for better adhesion and this trace fossil is new to science as well. Based on morphological criteria and the capacity to bioerode, the new microproblematicum can best be compared to encrusting bryozoans and foraminiferans.
Vitalii I. Alekseev, Andris Bukejs, and Xavier Bellés
Foss. Rec., 22, 65–72, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-65-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-65-2019, 2019
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The current paper describes a new fossil genus of spider beetles from Baltic amber (Eocene, 34–55 million years old). This fossil resin can be found throughout the Baltic Sea coastal area in northern Europe (Kaliningrad region, Russia; Poland; Denmark; Sweden; Germany; and Lithuania). The examined fossil material is housed in the private collection of Christel and Hans Werner Hoffeins (Hamburg, Germany).
Jin Wang, Olivier Béthoux, Dong Ren, and Yingying Cui
Foss. Rec., 22, 73–76, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-73-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-73-2019, 2019
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In this paper we focus on an insect wing fragment from the rarely known Taiyuan Formation (Early Permian; China). It is the first discovery of an arthropod as well as being the first insect, but currently we think the combination characters that the new material exhibited make it difficult to assign it to any known insect group. This indicates that more data are needed in the future. Hopefully our current documentation will be useful for the potential fossil discovery in the Taiyuan Formation.
Chang-Fu Zhou, Wen-Hao Wu, and Márton Rabi
Foss. Rec., 22, 57–64, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-57-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-57-2019, 2019
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The Jehol Biota of northeastern China (western Liaoning and conjoint areas) is renowned for its exquisite preservation of plant, invertebrate and vertebrate fossils. Here, we report three new specimens of the freshwater sinemydid turtle Ordosemys liaoxiensis from Hengtongshan Formation of Meihekou City, Jilin Province, northeastern China. As the first Mesozoic turtle of Jilin Province, this record represents the first tetrapod to indicate the presence of the Jehol Biota in the region.
Wilfried Wichard and Christian Neumann
Foss. Rec., 22, 51–56, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-51-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-51-2019, 2019
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We describe a bizarre and extinct caddisfly species, Cretapsyche palpinova sp. nov., from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber.
Andris Bukejs and Andrei A. Legalov
Foss. Rec., 22, 45–49, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-45-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-45-2019, 2019
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This paper describes a new genus and species of weevils from Baltic amber (Eocene, 55–34 million years old). This fossil resin can be found throughout the Baltic Sea coastal area in northern Europe (Kaliningrad region, Russia; Poland; Denmark; Sweden; Germany; and Lithuania). The new fossil weevil is more similar to extant American genera, but its host plants cannot be assumed. The new fossil genus is named in honour of Carsten Gröhn (Germany), an enthusiast and specialist in Baltic amber.
Volker Lohrmann, Michael Ohl, Peter Michalik, James P. Pitts, Laurent Jeanneau, and Vincent Perrichot
Foss. Rec., 22, 31–44, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-31-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-31-2019, 2019
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Here, we report three new fossil rhopalosomatid wasp specimens from Dominican and Mexican amber. Rhopalosoma hispaniola Lohrmann sp. nov. is described and documented from Dominican amber by two separate inclusions – one of each sex. An additional fossil female Rhopalosoma is described and documented from Mexican amber. The new fossils do not only represent the first fossil records of an extant genus of this peculiar family but also the first records of the family in Dominican and Mexican amber.
Andris Bukejs and Andrei A. Legalov
Foss. Rec., 22, 25–30, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-25-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-25-2019, 2019
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New entimine weevil, Arostropsis perkovskyi Bukejs and Legalov, sp. nov. from the tribe Naupactini of subfamily Entiminae of the family Curculionidae is described from Late Eocene Rovno amber (Ukraine). The new species is similar to Arostropsis groehni Yunakov et Kirejtshuk, 2011 from Baltic amber. Arostropsis perkovskyi is the second species of the genus Arostropsis. It is the first record of the tribe Naupactini from Rovno amber. Composition of weevil subfamilies in Rovno amber is discussed.
Gloria Arratia, Hans-Peter Schultze, and Helmut Tischlinger
Foss. Rec., 22, 1–23, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-1-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-22-1-2019, 2019
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The teleosts (e.g., herrings, trouts) comprise the largest group of living fishes today. The aim of the present study is to investigate and describe a new species of the primitive teleost Tharsis from the Late Jurassic. Tharsis is currently known by one species, Tharsis dubious, which is one of the most common fish in the Solnfohen limestone, Bavaria, Germany. A new species, Tharsis elleri, is described and assigned to the family Ascalaboidae within the new order Ascalaboidiformes.
Walter G. Joyce, Virginie S. Volpato, and Yann Rollot
Foss. Rec., 21, 301–310, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-301-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-301-2018, 2018
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Pig-nosed turtles are an enigmatic group of reptiles with an extensive fossil record across the globe. The group is known to have inhabited North America during the Eocene, about 55 to 40 million years ago, but information is still limited regarding the exact morphology of these turtles, as remains are few. Here we document the morphology of the only known skull of a North American pig-nosed turtle based on a fossil from the middle Eocene Washakie Formation of Sweetwater County, Wyoming, USA.
Yuichiro Nishioka and Chavalit Vidthayanon
Foss. Rec., 21, 291–299, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-291-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-291-2018, 2018
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Duboisia santeng is an extinct Indonesian antelope with short horn cores that sprout up like bunny-ears. A newly discovered skull of Duboisia from north-eastern Thailand confirms that the genus is no longer endemic to Indonesia, and supports a strong faunal interchange between the South East Asian continent and islands before or at the beginning of the Pleistocene.
Jason A. Dunlop, Konrad Frahnert, and Joanna Mąkol
Foss. Rec., 21, 285–290, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-285-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-285-2018, 2018
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A new species of fossil mite, Immensmaris chewbaccei, is described from the 100 million-year-old (Cretcaeous) Burmese amber of Myanmar. It belongs to the modern family Smarididae and is of particular note for its enormous size, with a body length of about a centimetre. This makes it the largest example of an erythraeoid mite (the wider group to which it belongs), and in general it is one of the biggest mites ever to be recorded.
France de Lapparent de Broin, Xabier Murelaga, Adán Pérez-García, Francesc Farrés, and Jacint Altimiras
Foss. Rec., 21, 237–284, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-237-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-237-2018, 2018
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We give closure on the study cycle of turtle material from Vic area, Middle–Late Eocene, Ebro Basin, Catalonia, Spain. Numerous comparisons with poorly known taxa are carried out, including a first description of the Eochelone shell via E. voltragana. Different swimming evolutionary states and different cheloniid subgroups Osonachelus and Eochelone are described, as well as dispersion Gondwanan forms from Africa and around European coasts.
Alexander R. Schmidt, Dennis Grabow, Christina Beimforde, Vincent Perrichot, Jouko Rikkinen, Simona Saint Martin, Volker Thiel, and Leyla J. Seyfullah
Foss. Rec., 21, 213–221, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-213-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-213-2018, 2018
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Amber is fossilized resin and so has a terrestrial source; however, very rarely have marine microorganisms been reported, and only in a few amber pieces. We aim to understand how this rare phenomenon could be possible. Several different mechanisms were proposed, and we then tested the wind-blown idea via our experiments on resin-rich forests on the coast of New Caledonia. These forests encompass the best model for the Cretaceous ambers that contain these marine microorganisms.
Andrei A. Legalov, Vitaliy Y. Nazarenko, and Evgeny E. Perkovsky
Foss. Rec., 21, 207–212, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-207-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-207-2018, 2018
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New fungus weevils, Eduardoxenus unicus gen. et sp. nov. is described from late Eocene Rovno amber (Klesov, Rovno region). This fossil fungus weevil is the oldest finding of the tribe Valenfriesiini in fossil state and the first record of the Choraginae from the Eocene ambers. The new genus differs from the genera Cyptoxenus, Valenfriesia and Neoxenus. Palaeogeographical and palaeoclimatological importance of finding Valenfriesiini in Rovno amber is discussed.
Johan Renaudie, Effi-Laura Drews, and Simon Böhne
Foss. Rec., 21, 183–205, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-183-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-183-2018, 2018
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Our ability to reconstruct the marine planktonic diatom early Paleogene history is hampered by decreased preservation as well as by observation bias. Collecting new diatom data in various Paleocene samples from legacy deep-sea sediment sections allows us to correct for the latter. The results show that the Paleocene deep-sea diatoms seem in fact as diverse and abundant as in the later Eocene while exhibiting very substantial survivorship of Cretaceous species up until the Eocene.
Gloria Arratia, Katia A. González-Rodríguez, and Citlalli Hernández-Guerrero
Foss. Rec., 21, 93–107, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-93-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-93-2018, 2018
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A new species of a group of extinct fishes with a worldwide distribution during the Cretaceous, about one hundred million years ago, is described. Motlayoichthys sergioi is an outstanding fossil fish from Mexico with unique characters within the Pachyrhizodontidae. This fish is part of a diverse fauna found in a limestone quarry in Central Mexico. The goal of this paper was to contribute to the knowledge of the family and to continue the study of the Muhi Quarry fish, endemic to Mexico.
Michael Ramming, Dieter Korn, Carina Klein, and Christian Klug
Foss. Rec., 21, 67–77, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-67-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-67-2018, 2018
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Selected specimens from the Jurassic ammonoid Pararnioceras sp. revealed striking changes in the conch morphology due to a syn vivo growth through a parasitic serpulid. Changes in its ontogenetic development are compared with specimens without epizoans. The ecological interpretation of the morphometric data allows the conclusion that the host possessed the ability to counteract the parasitic conch abnormalities by adapting the housing growth, thus ensuring its survival.
Christian Neumann and Oliver Hampe
Foss. Rec., 21, 55–66, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-55-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-55-2018, 2018
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We describe a biting trace on the oral surface of a large Maastrichtian holasteroid echinoid Echinocorys ovata from Hemmoor (northern Germany) which exhibits four circular punctures, arranged in a semi-circular arc. The punctures were not lethal to the sea urchin as is indicated by progressed skeletal regeneration and closure of the fractures. The shape and arrangement of the biting trace are analyzed suggesting that it was produced most likely by a globidensine mosasauroid.
Mareike Petersen, Falko Glöckler, Wolfgang Kiessling, Markus Döring, David Fichtmüller, Lertsutham Laphakorn, Brian Baltruschat, and Jana Hoffmann
Foss. Rec., 21, 47–53, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-47-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-47-2018, 2018
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Natural history museums harbor millions of collection items. To exchange and publish the associated data, an appropriate standard is essential. ABCD (Access to Biological Collection Data) enables together with its extension EFG (Extension for Geoscience) sharing and publishing of data related to biology, paleontological, mineralogical, and petrological objects. Here, we review the history of ABCDEFG and highlight its usage by different initiatives and for the data publication in various portals.
Indira S. Ritsche, Julia M. Fahlke, Frank Wieder, André Hilger, Ingo Manke, and Oliver Hampe
Foss. Rec., 21, 33–45, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-33-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-33-2018, 2018
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The objective was to investigate inner ears and in particular the morphology of the cochlea of fossil and Recent baleen whales to reconstruct the occurrence of low-frequency hearing. Our results of cochlear shape analysis indicate that very low-frequency hearing appeared in the middle Miocene, and infrasonic hearing had evolved by the late Miocene. Cochlear coiling shape is suitable for estimating hearing limits in whales, closely approximated by cochlear length times number of cochlear turns.
Max Wisshak and Christian Neumann
Foss. Rec., 21, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-1-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-21-1-2018, 2018
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A new bioerosion trace fossil, the rosette-shaped microboring Neodendrina carnelia igen. et isp. n., is described from a giant clam (Tridacna maxima) discovered in Pleistocene to Holocene coral reef deposits of the Egyptian Red Sea coast. The trace was formed as a complex attachment scar after the host had ceased. The biological identity of the trace maker, probably either a benthic foraminiferan or a macrophyte, is discussed.
Alberto Collareta, Olivier Lambert, Christian de Muizon, Mario Urbina, and Giovanni Bianucci
Foss. Rec., 20, 259–278, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-259-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-259-2017, 2017
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Extant pygmy and dwarf sperm whales (Kogia spp.) are known as small-sized and enigmatic relatives of the great sperm whale Physeter. Here we describe Koristocetus pescei, a new fossil kogiid from the late Miocene (ca 7 million years ago) of Peru. The description of this new form evokes a long history of morphological and ecological diversity in fossil kogiids, thus suggesting that our comprehension of the evolutionary history of diminutive sperm whales is still far from being exhaustive.
Jun-Jie Gu, Olivier Béthoux, and Dong Ren
Foss. Rec., 20, 253–257, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-253-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-253-2017, 2017
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A new fossil species relative of grasshoppers, crickets and katydids is described from the famous Xiaheyan locality (China). Compared to other species recovered from these 310-million-year-old strata, Sinogerarus pectinatus gen. and spec. nov. is likely most closely related to extant forms. The group it belongs to will become preeminent a few million years later but is very rare at Xiaheyan.
Adán Pérez-García and Thierry Smith
Foss. Rec., 20, 245–251, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-245-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-245-2017, 2017
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A partial carapace of a turtle from the middle Eocene of Saint-Gilles is presented here. Although it was donated to the Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique (Brussels, Belgium) more than a century ago, it remained undescribed. Its study allows us to recognize the second pleurodiran turtle in the Belgian fossil record. It is the first partial articulate shell of a pleurodiran recognized in Belgium, and the only member of this clade recognized in this country at specific level.
Julia Bechteler, Alexander R. Schmidt, Matthew A. M. Renner, Bo Wang, Oscar Alejandro Pérez-Escobar, Alfons Schäfer-Verwimp, Kathrin Feldberg, and Jochen Heinrichs
Foss. Rec., 20, 201–213, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-201-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-201-2017, 2017
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DNA-based divergence time estimates suggested major changes in the composition of epiphyte lineages of liverworts during the Cretaceous; however, evidence from the fossil record is scarce. We present the first Cretaceous fossil of the liverwort genus Radula in ca. 100 Ma old Burmese amber. Our analyses support origins of most extant subgenera of Radula by the end of the Cretaceous and diversification of their crown groups in the Cenozoic.
Max Wisshak, Jürgen Titschack, Wolf-Achim Kahl, and Peter Girod
Foss. Rec., 20, 173–199, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-173-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-173-2017, 2017
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The ongoing technical revolution in non-destructive 3-D visualisation via micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) finds a valuable application in the studies of bioerosion trace fossils, since their three-dimensional architecture lies hidden within hard substrates. Selected examples of such cases are illustrated by reference to bioerosion trace fossils preserved in Late Cretaceous belemnite guards from the European Chalk Province, including the description of two new trace fossil ichnospecies.
Martin Košt'ák, Andrej Ruman, Ján Schlögl, Natalia Hudáčková, Dirk Fuchs, and Martin Mazuch
Foss. Rec., 20, 159–172, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-159-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-159-2017, 2017
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The cephalopods Sepia (cuttlefish) from recent seas are well known, but what is their evolutionary history, when did they originate and how did they spread within the oceans? Based on a new sepiid record from Australia, we now recognize periods of sepiid migration, their evolution and distribution in time and space.
Kathrin Feldberg, Jiří Váňa, Alfons Schäfer-Verwimp, Michael Krings, Carsten Gröhn, Alexander R. Schmidt, and Jochen Heinrichs
Foss. Rec., 20, 147–157, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-147-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-147-2017, 2017
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A revision of amber fossils assigned to Cylindrocolea dimorpha has yielded evidence of the presence of underleaves, which have not previously been reported for this species and conflict with the current circumscription of the family. We transfer the fossil species to Odontoschisma and propose the new combination O. dimorpha. Our reclassification concurs with hypotheses on the divergence times of Cephaloziaceae derived from DNA sequence data.
Neil Brocklehurst and Jörg Fröbisch
Foss. Rec., 20, 87–93, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-87-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-87-2017, 2017
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Phreatophasma is a mysterious species from the middle Permian of Russia. Since its description in 1954, it has been assigned to many different groups: therapsids (the most diverse of middle Permian terrestrial vertebrates), caseids (one of the earliest herbivore lineages), and seymouriamorphs (a Permian amphibian clade). Using recent knowledge of morphology and state-of-the art analyses, we confirm that Phreatophasma is one of the youngest members of Caseidae, the second member to enter Russia.
Kathryn E. Mickle
Foss. Rec., 20, 47–67, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-47-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-47-2017, 2017
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A new lower actinopterygian fossil fish genus and species is described from a Paleozoic site in Canada. The new taxon, based on the study of a well-preserved fossil, is defined by a unique combination of characters including features of the scales and the bones of the snout. A review of previously described fishes from this locality highlights how redescriptions of large cosmopolitan genera, and descriptions of new taxa, are vital to our understanding of the diversity of this group as a whole.
Bruce M. Rothschild
Foss. Rec., 20, 37–45, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-37-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-37-2016, 2016
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Paleopathology is best approached collaboratively with specialists in many fields, after resolving linguistic misadventures. Proof of concept studies provide windows to recognition of disease and resolution of previous anatomical challenges. Trans-phylogenetic representation of disease falsified speculation that "evolution" precludes analysis through time. Once speculations were tested and verified or falsified, the paleo-epidemiologic approach allowed identification of patterns of spread.
Jorge Domingo Carrillo-Briceño, Eli Amson, Alfredo Zurita, and Marcelo Ricardo Sánchez-Villagra
Foss. Rec., 20, 21–36, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-21-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/fr-20-21-2016, 2016
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In this contribution we carried out a taxonomic revision of all Hermann Karsten’s vertebrate specimens from Colombia and Venezuela, which were collected during the mid-19th century; these fossils were never illustrated or subjected to detailed taxonomic study. The assemblage includes 60 cranial and postcranial remains attributed to “ground sloths”, “large glyptodonts (close relatives of armadillos)”, “South American native ungulates”, proboscideans and other indeterminate mammalian remains.
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Fossil Record
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